A recent study published in JAMA Network Open shows that weight-loss lifestyle interventions can help slow bone loss in older adults. The study highlights how diet, physical activity, and behavioral changes can positively impact bone health, especially in those at risk of osteoporosis.
The Link Between Aging and Bone Health
As people age, bone mineral density (BMD) decreases, leading to a higher risk of fractures. With the global rise in aging populations, osteoporosis is becoming a significant health concern. Effective interventions are needed to prevent or slow this process, especially for older adults and those with obesity.
Mediterranean Diet’s Role
The Mediterranean diet has been shown to support bone health across age groups. However, few studies have focused on how calorie-restricted diets, specifically for weight loss, affect bone health in older adults at risk of osteoporosis.
The Study: Weight Loss and Bone Health
The PREDIMED-Plus trial in Spain included 6,874 adults aged 55-75 with metabolic syndrome and obesity. Participants were randomly assigned to either a control group, following a regular Mediterranean diet, or an intervention group, following a reduced-calorie Mediterranean diet with increased physical activity. Bone health was measured using DXA scans at the start of the study and after one and three years.
Findings: Positive Results for Bone Health
After three years, the intervention group lost more weight (2.8 kg vs. 2.2 kg in the control group). Women in the intervention group showed significant improvements in lumbar spine BMD compared to those in the control group. The study found that the lifestyle changes had a greater effect on bone health in women than in men.
Conclusion
The study suggests that a moderate weight loss program with a Mediterranean diet and physical activity can improve bone health in older adults, particularly women with metabolic syndrome. These findings support the inclusion of such interventions in public health strategies to reduce osteoporosis risk.
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