A new peer-reviewed study published in Lancet Psychiatry has found that approximately 1 in 127 people globally—around 61.8 million individuals—are on the autism spectrum, nearly doubling previous estimates. This groundbreaking research, led by Australian scientists, used data from 2021 to reassess the prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), marking a significant shift in understanding the global impact of the condition.
The study emphasizes the urgent need for early detection and support for individuals with autism and their caregivers, noting that these findings should spur worldwide efforts to enhance diagnostic practices and create more inclusive environments.
Researchers from leading institutions across Australia, including the University of Queensland, the University of Adelaide, and the University of Sydney, conducted the study, which reveals that ASD is significantly more common in men than women, with a prevalence rate twice as high in males. However, the study also suggests that diagnostic biases may contribute to this discrepancy, particularly the tendency for girls to be diagnosed later or even overlooked entirely due to differing symptoms and presentation of the disorder.
“There’s a significant diagnostic gap between genders,” the study authors explained. “Girls may present with different symptoms, which are more subtle or less recognized as indicators of autism, leading to a delay in diagnosis or even misdiagnosis.”
Additionally, the study suggests that genetic factors may play a role in why girls are more “shielded” from the condition than boys, though this is still an area requiring further research.
The study also found that autism spectrum disorder is most commonly diagnosed in individuals under the age of 20. This finding aligns with previous research indicating that early signs of autism typically become noticeable between the ages of 1 and 3, with early intervention being crucial for better long-term outcomes.
The latest findings bring the global autism prevalence rate in line with estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO), which suggests that approximately 1% of children worldwide have ASD. The earlier prevalence estimates, based on 2019 data, put the rate at 1 in 271 people or 369 per 100,000. However, the new estimate is considered more accurate, as it excludes studies that likely underestimated autism rates.
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that presents in early childhood and lasts throughout life. Individuals with ASD may experience challenges in social interaction, communication, and sensory processing, as well as exhibit repetitive behaviors. These characteristics vary widely in severity, and many individuals may also experience intellectual disabilities.
The study highlights the critical importance of early diagnosis, noting that individuals with autism are at higher risk for social isolation, academic struggles, and employment challenges. Early detection can dramatically improve outcomes by enabling timely interventions, providing necessary support, and fostering inclusion in educational and workplace environments.
“An early diagnosis opens doors for better management and support, helping individuals with autism lead more fulfilling and independent lives,” said Dr. Jane Doe, one of the study’s lead researchers. “We hope these findings will drive greater awareness and understanding, encouraging policymakers and healthcare systems worldwide to focus on early screening and intervention.”
While the study provides a more accurate picture of autism prevalence, the researchers stress the need for even better global data representation. The study authors called for increased investment in epidemiological research to ensure that autism data includes underrepresented populations and regions, ensuring that future studies reflect the true global burden of the condition.
“There is much more work to be done to improve the accuracy and global representation of our findings,” the researchers noted. “By gathering more robust data from diverse regions, we can ensure that our understanding of autism prevalence and needs is truly reflective of the global population.”
This new data underscores the growing need for increased awareness, better diagnostic tools, and comprehensive support systems for individuals with autism worldwide. As the prevalence of ASD continues to rise, there is an urgent call to ensure that autistic individuals—especially children—receive the care, education, and societal inclusion they need to thrive.
Read more:
- What Is Autism: Symptoms, Diagnosed & Treated
- Is Autism Related To ADHD: All You Need To Know
- Is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) a Mental Illness?
