A recent study supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has found a significant link between breastfeeding, gut bacteria diversity, and lower blood pressure in children.
The research, published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, analyzed data from 526 Danish children to explore how infant gut bacteria influence childhood blood pressure.
Researchers collected fecal samples from infants during their first week, month, and year to analyze gut bacteria. They then measured the children’s blood pressure at ages three and six.
The findings showed that infants with more diverse gut bacteria at one month had lower blood pressure six years later. This protective effect was even stronger for children breastfed for at least six months, with systolic blood pressure about 2 mm Hg lower at age six.
Certain gut bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium infantis, play a crucial role in breaking down breast milk carbohydrates into beneficial compounds like short-chain fatty acids. These compounds support cardiovascular health and may help regulate blood pressure.
In contrast, infants not breastfed may develop a gut microbiome that breaks down intestinal carbohydrates, potentially leading to a “leaky gut” condition. This condition can cause inflammation and increase blood pressure.
The study also found that the presence of Helicobacter pylori in infants was linked to higher blood pressure later in life. H. pylori can cause persistent low-grade inflammation, contributing to cardiovascular risks.
The study highlights the importance of breastfeeding for at least six months to support gut health and long-term cardiovascular benefits. With childhood hypertension rates doubling since 2020, understanding early-life factors that influence heart health is crucial.
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