Temperature-Related Death and Illness
Warmer temperatures in the Southern Great Plains are anticipated to heighten heat stress, particularly in summer. Vulnerable populations, including the elderly, those with chronic illnesses, and individuals living in poverty or without air conditioning, face elevated risks of heat-related health issues. Athletes may also experience reduced performance and increased health risks due to extreme heat.
Air Quality Impacts
Dust, exacerbated by drought and land use practices, poses respiratory and cardiovascular health risks in the region. Warmer temperatures are expected to exacerbate air pollution, particularly ozone levels, which can have adverse effects on respiratory health.
Extreme Events
The Southern Great Plains faces threats from extreme weather events like hurricanes, which can result in physical injury, displacement, and economic burdens. Climate change-induced phenomena like hotter temperatures, heavier precipitation, and stronger tropical cyclones have disrupted healthcare services, impacted productivity, and affected businesses, particularly small enterprises owned by marginalized groups.
Vector-Borne Diseases
Endemic diseases like hantavirus, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and West Nile virus, as well as tropical diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, may see increased incidence due to climate change. Future conditions may also support the spread of Valley fever in western parts of the region.
Water-Related Illness
Drought conditions can lead to water scarcity and compromised water quality, increasing the risk of waterborne diseases. Pathogens thrive in reduced water sources, heightening the likelihood of infectious disease outbreaks.
Food Safety, Nutrition, and Distribution
Climate change affects agricultural productivity and alters the nutritional composition of food crops, impacting food safety and nutrition. High temperatures can lead to livestock deaths and crop losses, posing economic and public health challenges for agricultural producers.
Mental Health and Well-being
Environmental changes and disconnection from local customs may contribute to negative mental health outcomes, particularly for vulnerable populations. Limited access to green spaces and urban parks exacerbates the risk of heat-related illnesses and mental health problems, especially for marginalized communities.
Populations of Concern
Climate injustices disproportionately affect low-income individuals, rural residents, persons with disabilities, elderly populations, BIPOC communities, immigrants, and those experiencing homelessness. Tribal and Indigenous communities face unique challenges related to water resource constraints, extreme weather events, and public health disparities.
Understanding these climate-related health impacts is crucial for developing targeted interventions and policies to protect vulnerable populations and enhance resilience in the Southern Great Plains.
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