As the world emerges from the pandemic, it faces new and pressing health challenges. Despite the declaration of a public health emergency over mpox by the World Health Organization (WHO) last month, the response has been starkly inadequate. A disturbing lack of promised vaccines has left the African nations hardest hit by the outbreak without crucial aid.
This crisis highlights a broader issue: while infectious diseases remain a concern, the greater threat to global health comes from chronic conditions such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are now the leading cause of premature death worldwide, accounting for three-quarters of all deaths. Of the 41 million global deaths each year, 17 million occur before the age of 70, with low- and middle-income countries bearing the brunt.
The rising death toll from NCDs is hardly surprising given the prevalent risk factors: tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, air pollution, inactivity, and unhealthy diets. In poorer regions, the impact is exacerbated by aggressive marketing of unhealthy foods by corporations and a lack of public education on health.
The WHO has recognized the need to address the “commercial determinants of health” and has called for stricter regulations on corporate marketing and greater investment in health systems. Despite this, only 2% of global health funding is allocated to combating NCDs. Investing in preventative measures, such as increased taxes on tobacco and alcohol, and providing essential treatments, could save millions of lives and boost economic growth significantly.
As the WHO and World Bank prepare for a UN assembly meeting on NCDs, there is a critical need for increased funding and action. Addressing NCDs may not have the same immediate appeal as eradicating a disease, but it is crucial for preventing the widespread family and economic consequences of losing a breadwinner or parent due to chronic illness.
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